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Legal Dictionary 
Legal Terms
Legal Terms
Legal Terms
Legal glossary providing definitions of hundreds of legal terms and latin phrases.
Cshowing legal terms beginning with C
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Called up capital is all the shares called by a company when it issues shares. When calls have been made for the whole of the share price and the shareholders have paid, the shares become paid-up share capital.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Canon Law is the name for the rules made or adopted by ecclesiastical authority for the government of the Christian organisation.
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In law, Capacity is somones ability to enter into a contract or agreement. For example, a minor would be unable to purchase something on credit.
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Capital Allowances are allowances that you can claim when you buy long term assets, such as machinery to use for your business. You claim part of the cost against your profits before your tax is calculated for the year.
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Capital Gain is the profit you make if you sell a long term asset, such as a house, for more than it cost you.
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Capital Gains Tax is a tax charged on certain Capital Gains.
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Capital Punishment is punishing someone for certain crimes by killing them.
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A Company has to have a capital redemption reserve in its financial records and in its accounts if any of the shares it has isued are cancelled. The reserve cannot be paid out to the members until the company is liquidated and so it prevents the...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Capture House is house specially rigged up by the Police or another Law Enforcement Agency to catch criminals, especially burglers in action.
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A care order is an order by a court instructing the local authority to care for a child.
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Careless driving is driving a car, or other vehicle or motorcycle, without consideration for other people using the road.
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A Cartel is an agreement between businesses to restrict competition and keep prices high.
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A Case is an action, suit or claim made in a court of law. Arguments put forward in a court of law are also a 'case'.
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Usually the first hearing in a Multi Track claim and an opportunity to take stock and consider the way forward
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A Case Disposal is when the case is taken out of the court process.
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Case Law is law that is based on the resullts of previous court cases. It is the interpretation placed on statute law by the Judiciary. Such decisions and interpretations generally remain binding in law until over turned by a higher court.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
 A Case Management Conference (CMC) is a meeting between all parties involved in a case as well as the judge. It allows everyone to go through the progress of the case with regards to costs and any other matters. The number of Case Management...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
There are three Case Management Tracks and civil cases are allocated to one of the three, depending on financial value, issues of law and the likely duration of the case.
The three tracks are:
1. The Small Claims Track - For cases upto £5000...
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A unique reference number allocated to each case by the issuing Court
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Case stated is the written statement setting out the facts of a case, and is produced by a Magistrates Court when asking the High Court for an opinion on the law.
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The Case Value is the financial value of a case. This is one of the factors used to assess which track a case (claim) should be allocated to. See Case Management Tracks.
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Causation is one thing being done causing something else to happen.
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The Cause of Action is the reason an individual is entitled to sue another.
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This is an offence committed by someone who is unfit to drive because of drink or drugs, but proceeds to drive a vehicle and kills another person. The punishment for careless and inconsiderate driving is less severe than for dangerous driving.
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This is a criminal offence committed by someone whose driving is dangerous and results in a person being killed. The courts consider dangerous driving to be a very serious offence.
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A caution relates to several matters in different parts of the law. For example:
Notice given to the Land Registry by any person with an interest in particular land to ensure that no action is taken in respect of the land without the person's...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Caveat is a latin term for 'Warning', and is a notice given to the registrar that effectively prevents action by another party without first notifying the party entering the caveat.
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Caveat Emptor is a latin term for 'buyer beware', and is used to warn people buying goods that they may not be able to get compensation if the goods are faulty.
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The Central Criminal Court is the most senior court covering central London.
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A Certificate of Incorporation is a certificate stating that a company has been incorporated. The Registrar of Companies issues the certificate once a company has been formed.
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A certificate of costs allowed following taxation by a judicial or taxing officer (Previously referred to as an Allocatur)
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A Certificate of Origin is a certificate stating in which country the goods being imported were made, ie where they originated from.
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A Certificate of Service is a document which states the date and manner in which the parties were served (given) a document.
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Certiorari is a latin term meaning 'to be informed of', and is an order by the High Court that a case should be reviewed. If the high court considers that a case heard in a lower court is flawed it may order that it be reviewed by the High Court.
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A grant of representation of limited duration which has ceased and expired
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A chain of evidence is an unbroken account of a piece of evidence from its origin, to an exhibit in court.
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A Challenge for Cause is when the defence request that the judge discharges a potential juror from serving on a jury, and provides a valid legal reason why they shouldn't serve.
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A Challenge to a Jury is when either side in a case objects to the people who have been selected to serve on the jury before they are sworn in.
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A Challenge to the Array is when the defence objects to all the jurors.
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Like a Challenge for Cause, A Challenge Without Cause happens when the defence objects to a juror, but in this case does not say why.
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There are two meanings of Chambers: A private room, or Court from which the public are excluded in which a District Judge or Judge may conduct certain sorts of hearings, or offices used by a Barrister.
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All barristers are required to be self-employed. Because they are not permitted to form partnerships in the way that solicitors do, barristers form chambers. Members will share office accommodation and overheads. Every barrister’s chambers will...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The work of the Chancery Division, which is dealt with by Chancery Chambers, includes claims relating to:
•trusts •contentious probate (contesting the validity of a will) •companies •land •other claims - for example for professional...
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In law there are various meanings for the term Charge: • formal accusation against a person that a criminal offence has been committed • to use property as security for a debt, such as a mortgage • a direction given by a judge to tell the...
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A Charge Certificate is a certificate which the Land Registry issues to the legal mortgagee, ie the lender, who has lent money on the security of registered land. The certificate is proof of the legal mortgagee's right to the security.
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A Charge Sheet is the document a police officer uses to record details of an accusation made against a suspect.
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A Chargeable Event is an event that may create a tax liability.
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Chargeable gain is a gain on which capital gains tax is apyable. if a capital asset, such as a house is sold at a profit, then tax on the gain has to be calculated, unless for any reason the asset is one which is exempted by law.
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A Charges Clause is a clause which appears in some contracts and sets out who should pay for certain items.
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In Land Law, a Charges Register is part of the charge certificate which is evidence of someones' title. The register shows details of any mortgages, restrictions on the use of land, or rights someone alse may have over the land such as a right of...
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In Trust Law, if there is a charging clause, trustees can charge the trust for their services.
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A Charging Order is an order, or a court judgement directing that a charge be registered at the Land Registry on property owned by the debtor. This is also a form of enforcing civil debt. It is also an order preventing the sale or disposal of a...
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A Charity is an organisation which has been set up to do good for the community, for example helping disabled people, homeless people, educate people and protect children or animals. Official charities should be registered with the Charity...
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The Charity Commission is an organisation which is responsible for ensuring that charities are managed correctly, and also decides if proposed charities can be placed on the register of charities.
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A Chattel is any property other than freehold land.
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Chattels Personal is the name for tangible goods (goods which can be touched) such as watches, clothes, furniture etc.
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Chattels Real is another name for leasehold land.
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A Cheque is a written order addresses to a bank, instructing that bank to pay an amount of money to the person or organisation named on the cheque. The money is taken out of the account of the person who writes the cheque.
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A Cheque Card is a card issued by a bank to a customer. It gurantees that a cheque used with the card will be paid for upto the amount on the card, providing the person issuing the cheque has kept to all the conditions.
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Chief Rent is money charged regularly on freehold land. Despite its name it is not rent.
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Child Abuse is ill-treatment or molestation suffered by a child.
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A Child Assessment Order is an order which a local authority may apply for through a court to assess a childs situation if there are concerns about the childs welfare.
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The Child Support Agency is part of the Department of Social Security and supervises the assessment and payment of maintenance for children.
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Child Support Maintenance is an amount of money (maintenance) the parent not living with their child must pay.
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Children in care are children who are being looked after by a local authority. The loacl authority takes on the responsibility of the children as it was a parent.
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A Chose is an item of property; anything which can be owned.
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A chose in action is a right such as a patent, or a right to recover a debt. A chose in action does ot physically exist, for example you cannot touch patents or rights because they have no physical existance.
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Unlike a chose in action, a chose in possession is an object which physically exists, such as furniture.
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The Circuit is any of the six legal regions into which the United Kingdom is divided. Each circuit has its own system to administer the courts within the circuit.
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Circumstantial Evidence is evidence which suggets a fact but does not prove that the fact is true.
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A Citation is: - a summons to appear in court - a notice sent out by someone wanting a grant of probate, or letters of administration asking people to come forward if they object to it - a quoting from a completed case to support an argument
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A Citizens Arrest is an arrest made by someone other than a police officer. The offence must be being committed or have already been committed when the arrest is done. A person who makes a citizen's arrest could risk exposing him or herself to...
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'Civil' refers to matters concerning private rights and not offences against the state.
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A Civil Case or Civil Claim is a civil dispute that involves court action.
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In civil proceedings the person who wins the case is generally entitled to his/her costs. If the court believes that the winner has behaved unreasonably, they may decide to reduce the costs to be paid by the losing side.
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A Civil Court is a court which does not hear criminal cases and deals with peoples rigts such as the collection of debts.
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Civil Justice, or Civil Law is a branch of the law which relates to the rights and business of private citizens. It does not include criminal immigration, employment or family matters.
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The result of the Access to Justice report by Lord Woolf The aim is to provide more effective access to Justice through quicker, cheaper and more proportionate justice for defended cases It introduced a unified set of Rules and Practice Directions...
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A Civil Law Dispute is a dispute between two people or organisations where one wants money or some form of settlement from the other because of something that has happened.
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The Civil Procedure lays out the rules and procedures which are to be followed for civil cases in the County Court and the High Court.
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A Civil Restraining Order is an order made at any level of court and by any level of judge, to prohibit the issue of further applications within a set of proceedings without the permission of a judge.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In general terms a claim (previously referred to as an action) is: - a proceeding issued in the County or High Court - to demand a remedy - an application for something such as a right
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In law, a Claim Form is the form that a claim is issued on to an individual to appear or produce evidence in court. Previously known as a Summons in the UK.
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A Claimant is the person issuing the claim. Also known the Plaintiff.
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A clandestine is something that is kept from the view of others intentionally, whether in violation of the law or to hide something potentially illegal.
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Calls for the introduction of a national disclosure scheme gained momentum following the tragic case of Clare Wood, who was murdered by her former partner in Greater Manchester in 2009. Her partner had three previous convictions under the Protection...
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Class action is when different people combine their lawsuits due to similarities in the case facts. An example of a class act law suit would be after an air crash where all survivors and/or their families join together to sue the company in...
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A Clause is a section within the terms of a contract.
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"Claytons Case" derives from a U.K case in 1816; Devaynes vs Noble, where a precident was set that any funds withdrawn from an account are presumed to be debits from monies first in, i.e the first in first out principle. This rule does not apply to...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The clean hands doctrine is a rule of law where a person bringing a lawsuit, or coming to a court does so free from any unfair conduct, i.e. they have 'clean hands'.
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A clearing bank is one of several major banks which work together to exchange and pay for cheques which their customers have written.
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Some one involved in a case who has a Solicitor representing them.
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A client-solicitor privilege is a right belonging to the client of a lawyer whereby the lawyer keeps any information given tothem by the client strictly confidential, which includes being protected from testimony in a court of law. If disclosure of...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Clinical Negligence (formerly referred to as Medical Negligence) describes a medical accident where a patient has been harmed, not because of a complication which couldn't be avoided, but because a doctor or other healthcare professional has not...
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A Close Company is a company controlled by five people or less, or by its directors.
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A Closing Order is an order prohibiting the use of a house because the house is not fit for humans to live in.
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What is a Closure Notice? A Closure Notice allows Police to shut down licensed premises that regularly cause noise and /or demonstrate persistent nuisance and rowdy behaviour. A Closure Notice can also be extended to dwellings where people deal...
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A person named as an adulterer (or third person) in a petition for divorce
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A code of practice is a set of guidlines and regulations set out by a company, organisation or trade for its own people to follow to establish good practice. A code of practice may include both voluntary measures and those required by Law. The...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Codecision Procedure, now referred to as Ordinary Legislative Procedure, is the main legislative procedure by which directives and regulations are adopted.
One of the important changes introduced by the Lisbon Treaty (or the Treaty of the...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Codicil are pages that need to be added to a valid will which needs a minor alteration. The codicil must be signed in the presence of a witness and then attched to the existing will.
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In many countries codification contains whole areas of law in single code rather than being divided like in England and Wales between the common law , which derived from decisions of judges over centuries, and statute law which is enacted by...
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A Codifying Statute is used to bring together all the strands of the law on a particular subject.
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Coercion is when an individual is forced to behave in a particular way by often by threats of violence. The individual does not act freely of their own accord.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The UK Government defines Coercive Behaviour as:
'An act or a pattern of acts of assault, threats, humiliation and intimidation or other abuse that is used to harm , punish, or frighten their victim'.
This definition includes so called honour...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Collaboration is a term used widely in law and is the act of working together.
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Collateral is extra security for a debt. If there is a main security for a debt, for example a house would be security for a mortgage, any extra security supplied is called collateral.
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A collusion is a secret agreement between two or more people who appear to have conflicting interests to abuse the legal system , deceive a court or defraud a third party. An example of this would be where a married couple choose to lie about the...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A comfort letter is a letter from an EU official stating that the European Commission intends to close the file on a case involving a possible breach of the competition rules.
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The Commercial Court is part of the Queen's Bench division of the High Court.
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A commission is a group of experts brought together on a regular basis to debate specific matters within theor line of expertise. The members of the commission would have quasi judicial or regulatory powers. Commissions also usually have...
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A Commissioner for Oaths is a person, usually a solicitor, authorised by the Lord Chancellor to administer oaths and affirmations to a statement of evidence
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In 2012, the committal proceedings process was superseded by "allocation of either way offences" in the Magistrates Court in England and Wales. Prior to 2012 the different aspects of "committal" were:
Committal for Trial: Following examination...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In 2012, the committal proceedings process was superseded by "allocation of either way offences" in the Magistrates Court in England and Wales. Prior to 2012, committal for sentence occured when magistrates found someone guilty of a crime but...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In 2012, the committal proceedings process was superseded by "allocation of either way offences" in the Magistrates Court in England and Wales. Prior to 2012, "committal for trial" was where magistrates looked at the evidence in a case and then sent...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Committal Hearing is a procedure in the Magistrates Court where in "either way" cases the defendant is committed to stand his or her trial in the Crown Court.
The Committal Process has now been superseded by allocation of either way offences in...
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A Committal Order is an order used to send somone to prison for contempt of court.
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In 2012, the committal proceedings process was superseded by "allocation of either way offences" in the Magistrates Court in England and Wales. Procedure prior to 2012. If a defendant pleads not guilty or declines to indicate a plea at the...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Committee of Inspection is a committee appointed from the creditors of a company in liquidaton to oversee the liquidators work.
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'Committee of the Whole House' is the name which describes the whole House of Commons when sitting as a committee.
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Commorientes is a latin phrase and is where closey related people die at the same time, but it is unclear which of them died first.
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Common duty of care is the duty of the occupier of premises or land to take reasonable care of visitors to make sure they are kept safe.
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The law established, by precedent, from judicial decisions and established within a community
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Common seal is the seal companies use to validate important company documents. The company's name is engraved on the seal.
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A common share is a basic share in a company. Common shares tend to have voting rights and a right to any dividents on a pro rata basis.
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A Community Service Order is an order to do work in the community without pay. If someone has been convicted of a crime they may be given a community service order instead of being sent to prison.
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Companies House is the office which stores company information such as annual accounts, director's names and addresses and the registered office address. This information can be viewed by the public if required.
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The Company Secretary is the person appointed by the director/directors of a company, and is responsible in ensuring that the company complies with the Companies Acts.
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Compensation is a sum of money to make up for or make amends for loss, breakage, hardship, inconvenience or personal injury caused by another.
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Compensation for loss of office is a lump sum of compensation a company pays to an employee whose contract has been ended.
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A compensation order is an order by a court issued to a criminal to compensate the victim of the crime.
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A Complainant is a person who makes a complaint.
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A Complaint is an expression of discontent or resentment of something.
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In Conveyancing, completion is the transferring of a property in exchange for payment. In Land, Property & Real Estate, where there is a contract to sell land there will be an initial payment to confirm the contract. Completion happens when the...
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Composition with creditors is an arrangement between a debtor and the creditors. The creditors agree to accept a proportion of what is owed to them in full settlement.
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Compulsory Purchase is taking land and giving compensation for it. When land is needed for a project, such as a road, local authorities and other public bodies can take the land off the landowner. Compensation has to be paid to landowner.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Compulsory Winding Up is the liquidation of a company by order of the court. It usually happens because the company has not been able to pay its bills on time and a creditor has presented to the court a petition for winding up the company.
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Concealment is failure by one side negotiating a contract to disclose information which the other side would need to consider when deciding whether or not to go ahead.
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Concealment of Securities is hiding or destroying a document such as a will to gain benefit for yourself, or cause other people loss of benefit.
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Conciliation is an element of Dispute Resolution, which to some solicitors is a specialised area of law.
Part of the process involves the parties to a dispute identifing the issues within the dispute, develop options, consider alternatives and...
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A Conciliator is a person who conciliates in cases of Dispute Resolution.
A Conciliator tries to bring peace to the dispute.
See Conciliation.
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Conclusive Evidence is evidence which cannot be disputed by law.
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Concurrent Sentence is when someone is sentenced for different crimes and the sentences of imprisonment should run at the same time
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A duplicate of the original writ bearing the same date and expiring at the same time as the original
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A Condition is a term within a contract between two parties.
If a condition of a contract is breached by one party, then the other may be entitled to terminate the contract and even claim compensation.
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Condition Precedent is something which must happen before a contract starts.
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Condition Subsequent is something which may happen in the future and if it does, will affect the contract.
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A Conditional Agreement is an agreement which depends on a certain thing happening in the future. If the event does not happen the agreement will not start to operate.
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A Conditional Contract is a written contract that is signed by two parties, but where there are still conditions that need to be met.
A Conditional Contract is frequently used in the sale or purchase of houses, where the term 'subject to contract'...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A discharge of a convicted defendant without sentence on condition that he/she does not re-offend within a specified period of time
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A Conditional Sale Agreement is a type of credit agreement which relates to the sale of goods. The total price of the goods may be payable by several installments over an agreed period of time, all of which will be set out in the contract. The buyer...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
i) Money paid to a witness in advance of the hearing of a case as compensation for time spent attending Court ii) Commonly used to describe expenses paid to a debtor to cover the costs of travelling to Court
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Confiscation is a legal process by which the Court determines the benefit from a convicted person’s criminal conduct and an equivalent amount (where recoverable) is returned to the state. It is not just for serious criminals but applies in every...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A confiscation order follows the legal process of confiscation and requires an offender to pay back the equivalent of the benefit from their criminal conduct. If the offender can prove that they do not have sufficient means to do so, they will...
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The purpose of confiscation proceedings is to recover the financial benefit that an offender has obtained from their criminal conduct. The court calculates the value of that benefit and orders the offender to pay an equivalent sum (or less...
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A Solicitor must not act on behalf of two or more clients where a conflict of intersts occurs between them.
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A consecutive sentence is when someone is sentenced to imprisonment for different crimes and the second sentence is to commence as soon as a previous sentence expires. This may apply to more than two sentences.
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Consent is to agree to something. A contract would not be valid unless all the parties consented to it.
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Consideration is an element within Contract Law. Consideration requires the parties within a contract, to give up something of value, to receive something of value.
Consideration is the 'price' in a contract for the other party's promise....
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The Consignee is the person goods have been sent to.
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The Consignor is the person who has sent goods.
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A Consistory Court is a court for the clergy. There is one for each diocese.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Conspiracy is an agreement by two or more people to commit a crime, or people acting together and harming a third party.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Constructive describes something which may not be set out in the law but will considered to exist all the same.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In Employment Law, constructive dismissal is where an employer breaks fundamental terms of the contract of employment, thus forcing the employee to resign. In such circumstances the employee can apply for a hearing before an industrial tribunal.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Constructive notice is presuming something is known. The law sometimes presumes that a person knows something even though they do not.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Is a conference between Solicitors and Barristers engaged on the same side of a cause, for the purpose of examining their case, arranging their evidence, and removing any difficulties that may obstruct the case. It is also a meeting between a...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Consumer Credit Act 1974 is a consumer protection law in the UK. Until 6 April 2008, it required certain businesses to obtain Consumer credit licences and protected individuals receiving credit up to £25,000. After that date, new agreements for...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Consumer Credit Agreement, is a general term used to describe different types of credit agreements which in most cases are regulated by the Consumer Credit Act 1974.
Some examples of regulated credit agreements are: Hire Purchase Agreements,...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Consumer Credit Act 1974 requires most businesses that offer credit or lend money to consumers to be licensed by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT). This includes where credit is arranged to finance the purchase of goods or services. Licensing...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Contemp of Court is a court order which deems an individual of being disrespectful of the court and its process, for example; disobeying a court order, abusing a judge during a court case or interfering in the administration of justice.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Contemptuous damages are extremely small damages which may be awarded if the court considers that the case should not have been brought to court, even though the case may have been won.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A contingency fee is paid to the claimant's lawyer only if the case is won by the claimant. The fee is often a proportion of the damages won.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A contingent legacy is a gift in a will which will only be made if certain conditions are met.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Contra bonos mores is the Latin term for 'Contrary to good morals'.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A contract is a binding agreement between two or more party's and is enforceable by law.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Contract for services is a contract under which materials and services are provided by a contractor.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A contract of exchange is a contract to exchange goods without money being involved.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A contract of service is the contract between an employer and an employee.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Contributory negligence is partial responsibility of a claimant for the injury or damage done in respect of which he/she claims damages.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The UK Government defines Controlling Behaviour as:
'A range of acts designed to make a person subordinate and/or dependent by isolating them from sources of support, exploiting their resources and capacities for personal gain, depriving them...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Conversion is exchanging one sort of property for another, for example exchanging money for goods, or acting unlawfully to deprive another person of their ownership of goods.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Conveyance is the name for carrying out all the actions needed to transfer the ownership of a piece of land.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Conveyancing is the legal process to transfer the ownership of a property from the seller to the buyer. Legal fees for the cost of the conveyancing are payable to the solicitor or licensed conveyancer. The fee charged by a solicitor is based on the...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Conviction is being found guilty of a criminal offence.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Cooling Off Period is a length of time in which the two sides to a purchase agreement, or contract can think things over and cancel with no penalty.
Unless there is an agreement between the two sides, the right to cancel via the cooling off...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Copyright is a legal right which stops things being copied without permission. If you have the copyright over something such as a book or music, it cannot be copied without your permission.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Coram Non Judice is the Latin term for 'Before one who is not a judge'.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A coroner is an official responsible for investigating deaths, particularly those happening under unusual circumstances, and determining the cause of death. The additional roles and qualifications or the coroner vary significantly not only by...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The term "coroner" is used to refer to the executive officers of the High Court of the Isle of Man, i.e those who execute court orders within their sheadings, namely jury summons (each Coroner is the head on one of six administrative districts known...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Coroner of Inquests is an independent judicial officer who follows laws which apply to coroners and inquests. In the Isle of Man, the Coroner of Inquests is always the High Bailiff or the Deputy High Bailiff. The Coroner of Inquests inquires...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Coroner's Court holds an inquest to determine how, when and where the individual died, and in some cases a Coroner will singularly head this court. Deputy and Assistant Deputy Coroners act when the Coroner is not available, in doing so, they...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A corporate body, or corporation is a group of people acting together, such as a club. The group has a seperate legal identity from its individual members. A company is also an example of a corporate body.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Corporation Tax is a tax which companies pay on their profits.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Corpus Delicti is the Latin term for 'The body of the offence' and is used to describe the body of a person who has been killed unlawfully.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Corpus Juris Civilis is the Latin term for 'Body of Civil Law'.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Corroboration, or Corroborating Evidence is evidence by one person confirming that of another.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
This is the word used for fees paid to a solicitor either by his own client or the losing party in litigation. These are regulated in law and by the courts although frequently settled by agreement.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Costs Judge is a procedural Judge who assess legal fees to see that they are fair.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The term Counsel (England & Wales) refers to a Barrister who pleads cases in court.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In Scottish Law, the term Counsel refers to an Advocate who is a member of the Faculty Of Advocates. They can also do cases in all Courts and work from stables.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A 'Count' is an individual offence set out in an indictment.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Counterclaim is a claim made by a defendant against a claimant in an action. There is no limit imposed on a counterclaim, but a fee is payable according to the amount counterclaimed.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Counterfeit is something which has been copied or forged with the intent of deceiving.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A counterpart is an exact copy of a document.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Sometimes inaccurately referred to as the Small Claims Court, County Courts deal with civil matters including all monetary claims up to £50,000. Many County Courts have extra powers which enable them to deal with divorce and other family...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A County Court Judgement, commonly referred to as a CCJ, is a judgment of the county court that orders a defendant to pay a sum of money to the claimant. CCJs are recorded on the Register of County Court Judgments for six years and can affect a...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In investments a coupon is a dated piece of paper attached to a bond. The coupon must be surrendered to get the interest or the dividend on the bond.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Court Bundle is the documents relevant to the case used in Court. They are paginated chronologically and numbered.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
To issue a charge in a civil court a Court Fee is charged by the County Court. The fee varies depending on the amount of the claim. A fee is also charged to launch proceedings if the defendant ignores the judgement of the court.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Court of Appeal (Civil Division) is the hub of the judicial system in England and Wales. It hears appeals in all our leading cases in civil and family justice. Its judges are concerned with upholding the rule of law.  FOR UPTO DATE...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) sits in London at the Royal Courts of Justice. It deals with appeals from the Crown Court and is precided over by Lord Chief Justice, who is the most senior judge in England and Wales. The Court of Appeal is...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
The Court of protection is a branch of the High Court with jurisdiction over the estates of people mentally incapable of handling their own financial affairs.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
In Scotland, the role of the Court Officer calls the accused and witnesses into the Court room and helps maintain order. Also referred to as Macers in the High Court.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A formal agreement or a contract constituting an obligation to perform an act
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Credit Sale is a common type of credit agreement. Under a  credit sale agreement, you purchase the goods at the cash price, and then repayment is made in installments, or sometimes payment is required at a later date. In most cases, interest...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Creditor is a person to whom money is owed by a debtor.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A Creditors Voluntary Winding Up is when a company is insolvent, i.e cannot pay its debts, and the members pass a special resolution to have the company wound up, or liquidated.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Person who has been found guilty of a criminal offence
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
What is a Criminal Anti-Social Behaviour Order (CRASBO)
A Criminal Anti-Social Behaviour Order (CRASBO) differs from an Anti-Social Behaviour Order (ASBO) as the order is made in addition to a criminal conviction or a conditional discharge. The...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Criminal conduct is conduct which constitutes an offence in the United Kingdom or would constitute such an offence if it occurred there.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Criminal Damage is the criminal offence of causing damage to someone elses property, either recklessly or intentionally.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
This area of law covers legal help on everything to do with criminal proceedings. For example, it includes being investigated, prosecuted and sentenced. You may need advice on length of prison sentence, detention or parole. This category also covers...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Criminal Responsibility is when a person reaches the age when the law says they are able to commit a criminal offence. The age of Criminal Responsibility in England and Wales is currently 10. In Scotland it is 8, but soon to be raised to 12...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Cross Examiniation is when a witness on the opposite side in a case is questioned. Cross Examination follows Examination in Chief.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Crown Court tries more serious criminal cases, as well as hearing appeals from Magistrates Courts. It sits at permanent sites throughout England and Wales, each centre being designated as first, second or third tier, reflecting the seriousness of...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Culpa is the latin term for blameworthiness or a fault.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Cum dividend means with dividend. If a share is sold cum dividend, the buyer will receive the dividend that was declared just before the share was bought.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Cumulative preference shares are shares which carry forward unpaid dividends. If the dividends on these shares have not been paid in previous years the arrears must be paid before a dividend can be paid on the ordinary shares.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A curfew is when a court orders someone to stay at a named place at stated times of the day.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
A customer information order is an order granted by the court in a confiscation investigation, money laundering investigation or civil recovery investigation. This order compels a financial institution covered by the application to provide any...
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Customs duties are duties which are charged on imports of goods into the United Kingdom, and on some exports.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Custos Morum is the Latin term for 'A guardian of morals'.
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Legal Dictionary/Legal Terms Explained
Cyber Bullying is the sending or posting of inappropriate or cruel text or images using the internet or any other form of digital communication. For further information see Bullying and Harassment
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